The Karalon ore gold deposit is a 75 sq.km area located northwest of the mouth of the Karalon river, in the Republic of Buryatiya.
The license for the development of the Karalon deposit is series УДЭ № 00879 - БР. It was granted by the republic Buryatiya October 7, 2003. It provides for the following:

  1. Geological study and extraction of ore gold within the limits of the Каralon ore field.
  2. Restricted to: Mujsky region, republic Buryatiya.
  3. The site has the status of geological tap.
  4. The termination date of the license is on January 18th, 2024.

 Deposit   District   Reserves of
C1,C2 tons 
 Average Grade of
gold, gm/tons 
Karalon (Gold) Buryat 4 13.8
Karalon (Silver) Buryat 2.5 8.4

Study of Deposit

Significant sources of gold were initially discovered in this area in 1952. The existence of significant industrial value is certain in the gold veins Osinovaya (Кеdrovskoye ore field), Peter and Top (Urokindinskoye ore field).

There have been several significant studies to determine the value of the deposit including one in 1978-1985 carried out by the North-Mujskay expedition PGE “Buriatgeology".

The second one occurred in 1998-2001 by the North-Baikal prospecting expedition.

Gold Mineralization of Deposit

The Kаralon deposit is characterized by deep breaks of northwest bearing. A small part of the zone, in the territory of Buryatiya, measures 25 km. Within the zone, three metallizing processes are noted:
  1. The Highkaralon site
  2. Elenin, or the 'gold-bearing square'
  3. The Lowerkaralon site

Highkaralon Site

On the Highkaralon site, eight zones of gold-ore across 3 sq. km. have been revealed, including ore-gold bodies with a balance of other metal resources.
  1. Zone 1 is sourced from the lowest hypsometric ore level. Clumpy dentings of quartz with sulfides and visible gold is tracked at 1200 m, and according to assaying analysis measures 0.4 - 30 grams/ton.
  2. Zone 2 is at a higher hypsometric level of 1650-1700 m. Quartz is found in white veins and is macrocrystalline. At places the quartz is poorly ocherized, contains rare concentrations of pyrite, galenite and native gold. In this zone the gold has been measured as high as 105.8 gm/ton and averages 3.27 gm/ton.
  3. Zone 3 is at a hypsometric level of 1730-1750 m. Milky-white quartz shows visible gold everywhere, while amounts of pyrite and galenite is significant. Gold appears in hooks, plates, and chunks the size 2 mm x 0.5 mm. The average yield in this zone is 12 gm/ton.
  4. Zone 4 is a 900-m open trench and tracked by clearings near the rivers Karalon and Lavochkin. Quartz veins No. 6 and No. 7.
  5. Vein Six is extended to 210 m. All opened intervals show visible gold, by morphology and in dimension similar to the gold seen in the second ore zone. Gold in this vein reaches 24.8 gm/ton.
  6. Vein Seven, according to assaying analysis of channel samples, shows gold in amounts varying from 1.2-102,4 gm/ton, and averages 23 gm/ton).
  7. Zone 6 is in the uppermost hypsometric levels of the site. Milky-white quarts with macrocrystalline amounts of pyrite, the surfaces of which are sometimes marked with gold. From 19 channels selected from this zone, two showed gold averages of 0.6 and 6.8 gm/ton.
  8. Zone 7 is quartz vein No. 10 at 75-80 m. Gold is revealed in two of 29 tests and ranges from 0.4 to 32 gm/ton.
  9. Zone 8 is a series of quartz stringers at 20 m. One channel test (of five) indicate 13.2 gm/ton of gold.
Elenin Site

On the Еlenin site, the gold-bearing square is located in central part of the Kаralon ore field roughly 8 km from the mouth of the Karalon river. Ore bodies are accompanied by low-power veins and proveins of quartz, most of which settles down from the lying side. Within the limits of the site, several prospective industrial veins and vein zones exist:
  1. The vein zone Sparkling is located between the fourth and fifth inflows of the Каralon river. Visible gold is observed in the form of thin (1-2 mm) proveins and dense impregnation in jacks of galenite. The majority of sample quartz channels indicate 1-7 gm/ton of gold, while five reach 100 - 255.2 gm/ton. The average of the vein zone is 19.56 gm/ton.
  2. The vein First is 1.2 km southeast of the Sparkling zone. The quartz vein is opened in trenches with breaks on more than 400 m, with sections averaging 1m in diameter. Gold is found in isometric form in sizes up to 1 mm in diameter within mineralized quartz. Concentrations fluctuate from 0.8 up to 68.8 gm/ton.
  3. The Rozhenov vein is in a mouth of the third key of the Karalon river. The quartz vein measures 0.8 m, while the interspersed sulphidic mineralization (galenite, chalcopyrite) is basically on the trailing and lying sides of the vein. Gold grains up to 3 mm in diameter are noted in the quartz and in joints with sulfides. Average concentrations range 1.6 to 91.5 gm/ton
Lowerkaralon site

Lowerkaralon's ore occurrence is in wellhead parts of the Karalon river and was opened in the 1940s by N.P.Mihno. It has received the name " the Sulphidic delf #1 " and has bed-phacoidal form, stratiform type, tracked on trenches at 650 m.

Width at certain spots reaches 70 m, while the average concentration of gold ranges from 0.4 to 16.5 gm/ton. Concentrations of Silver range from 5.2 to 171,6 gm/ton. One 19-m crossing indicated 1gm/ton of gold, 170 gm/ton of silver, 2-17% zinc and 1% lead. The material structure of ores is diverse, including pyrite, chalcopyrite, galenite, faded ores, blinde, and molybdenite.

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